Biogas purification for Environmentally friendly Energy for the country is Rich in Biomass

Indonesia, a country with abundance of natural resources and various species of flora and fauna which are both sources of biomass, amid fears of energy crisis the real saving potential of abundant and renewable energy, namely biogas. As the generation of anaerobic reaction of any organic material (biomass), biogas containing at least methane, CO2, H2S and N2. Of the several types of material in the biogas, which is the only type of energy source methane (CH4). Meanwhile, the composition of the gas that had been produced from bio-gas generating activities in a simple, still ranges between 40-70% methane and the rest consisting of CO2, H2O, H2S and N2, biogas has not been given the wider benefits than just burning energy. By varying the concentration of methane, the energy generated is not optimal, especially if the levels of methane in the biogas is smaller than 65%. Low levels of methane in the biogas for it to have flame low quality, can only be used as fuel in cooking activities. In order to increase the benefits of biogas as renewable energy, methane purification step needs to be done easily and cheaply. With the systems / tools purification methane, biogas can be applied as a source of energy raw materials for conversion into electrical energy by using a co-generator that can be harnessed for the benefit of substitute fuel oil which is now more expensive.

 

As is known, the composition of methane (CH4) contained in the biogas is produced by determining the amount of calories as well as negative impact (abrasive effect) when used on the device. To turn on the stove, biogas can be used as low quality, for example on CH4 content of between 40 to 50%, despite having low-quality flame but was able to be burned in cooking. However, when intended for a fuel co-generator sets (gensets), would require a composition of at least 70% methane and less likely content of H2S, hydrogen (H2O), CO2 and N2.

Tool for biogas purification (biogas purifier) is intended for the effort to raise thermal efficiency of biogas, in order to quality for use as fuel in power generation (generator sets), substitute the more expensive premium gasoline and interests became a source of energy to run electrical devices such modifications biogas lamp, electric rice cooker (rice cooker) biogas and other electronic devices. Purifying biogas methane is now starting there in the market. Some are made ​​of stainless metal tube, 12 inch diameter with a height of 135 cm, contains a bag of absorbent pellets (absorbers) of CO2, H2S and H2O to purify methane gas. For the sake of methane utilization without the added pressure (compression), can also be selected methane purification tool made ​​of PVC material.

The working principle of this biogas purification tool is the role of absorbent pellets (absorbers) which is made from a mixture of various minerals are activated and modified, among others, with a strong base NaOH. Pellet absorbent can be replaced (refill) per 2 (two) months of usage. Methane purification tool made ​​of stainless steel capable of withstand gas pressures up to 10.5 bar, while made from PVC is only sufficient for a maximum pressure of 1.5 bar. Purification of biogas (methane purifier) is able to increase the efficiency of calories, increase benefits and improve the quality of the generation of biogas from the biogas reactor or vessel digestion (digester) with an output of 4 m3 to 8 m3 of gas per day, and raise or increase the amount of methane composition of 4% to 20% compared to the previous, and the same time it lowers the content of CO2, H2O and H2S. Pellet absorbent (absorbers) can be replaced again (refill) or, even cheaper, regenerated (reusability) by immersion in water (aquades) for a maximum of 5 x usage, equivalent to the use of 1 (one) year. Pellet absorbent (absorbers) refill (refill) cheap, easily available, and quite a dose of 2.5 kg for the purification of 4 m 3 / day for 60 days.

Circulation in the market, a tool for the purification of biogas from the material that is not desired in the generation of energy materials (eg, among others, H2S, H2O, N2 and CO2), is very important for the community's efforts to get energy materials cheaply and easily obtained. Pure biogas (methane composition approaching 100%) will be changed the perception the public has to biogas, which is only used as cattle farmers get fuel for cooking activities cooking heat. Biogas is pure, not only in refining step after generation, in order to obtain the best quality should start from the selection of materials, use of bacterial activator metagenesis generating methane, the election like indigestion or reactor (digester). 

In the future, when the perception many people have understood the pure biogas (CH4 content approaching 100%), raw material for the generation of biomass and organic wastes are abundant and even during these often considered a problem, indeed it is a new renewable energy materials that are environmentally friendly, and then will become a new economic resource in the future Indonesia *)